Living environment and lifestyle factors may accelerate biological aging in early adulthood

Notably, these associations remained strong even after adjusting for genetic factors, thanks to the twin study design

Researchers from the University of Jyväskylä in Finland have found that lifestyle and environmental factors can speed up biological aging as early as young adulthood. Their study, published in a peer-reviewed journal, analyzed data from over 5,000 Finnish twins aged between 21 and 25. The team examined how smoking, physical inactivity, obesity, and alcohol use relate to epigenetic clocks, which measure biological age through DNA methylation patterns. Results showed that unhealthy habits were linked to older biological age even when chronological age was the same. How daily habits influence cellular aging The researchers used blood samples to assess epigenetic age acceleration, comparing it to participants' actual age. Those who smoked regularly, had a high body mass index, or reported low physical activity showed signs of faster biological aging. Alcohol consumption also contributed, though its effect was weaker than smoking or inactivity.

Notably, these associations remained strong even after adjusting for genetic factors, thanks to the twin study design. This suggests that environment and behavior play a direct role in aging processes independent of heredity. Can healthy choices slow down biological aging? Participants who exercised regularly, maintained a healthy weight, and avoided smoking had biological ages closer to or younger than their chronological age. The study highlights that lifestyle interventions in early adulthood may not only improve immediate health but also delay aging at the molecular level. Lead researcher Elina Sillanpää emphasized that young adults often underestimate how early habits affect long-term health. „We see aging not just as a process of later life, but something shaped by choices made in your twenties,”she said. The findings support promoting wellness programs targeting university students and young professionals. Frequently Asked Questions What is epigenetic age and how is it measured?

Epigenetic age is estimated by analyzing DNA methylation patterns in blood samples, which change predictably over time and reflect biological aging rather than just years lived. Can genetics override the effects of lifestyle on aging? While genetics influence aging, this twin study showed that lifestyle factors still had a significant impact independent of inherited traits, meaning behavior matters even with similar DNA. Is it too late to change habits after early adulthood? No, the study does not claim aging is irreversible; it shows that early habits matter, but adopting healthier behaviors later can still improve biological health outcomes.